Function and application of NTC thermal chip in IGBT.Microwave Radar Sensor

　　IGBT is the abbreviation of Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, that is, insulated gate bipolar transistor. It has the advantages of high frequency, high voltage, large current, and easy switching. Its main function is to convert alternating current and direct current, and convert high and low voltages. In short, IGBT is like a "switch", which can precisely control the voltage, current, frequency, phase, etc. in the circuit according to the signal command. Electric vehicles are highly electrified, which has led to the application of IGBTs in them. IGBTs and power battery cells are called the "dual-core" of electric vehicles in the industry.

　　As one of the core devices that affect the performance of electric vehicles, IGBTs are used in battery management systems, electric control systems, air conditioning control systems, and charging systems of electric vehicles. The NTC thermal chip used for IGBT can perform real-time temperature monitoring and temperature control for the IGBT module in the electric vehicle, which can effectively prevent the IGBT operating temperature from being too high, resulting in accidents.

　　The switching function of the IGBT is to form a channel by adding a forward gate voltage to provide a base current to the PNP (originally NPN) transistor to turn the IGBT on. On the contrary, adding the reverse gate voltage eliminates the channel, cuts off the base current, and turns off the IGBT. The driving method of IGBT is basically the same as that of MOSFET. It only needs to control the input pole N-channel MOSFET, so it has high input impedance characteristics. After the channel of the MOSFET is formed, holes (minority carriers) are injected from the P+ base to the N-layer to modulate the conductance of the N-layer and reduce the resistance of the N-layer, so that the IGBT also has a low voltage at high voltage. on-state voltage of

　　In an IGBT module converter arrangement, one of the most critical parameters is the temperature of the IGBT chip. The way to measure directly is to install the temperature sensor on the chip or become part of the chip. Doing so will reduce the effective area for carrying the chip's current capability. A viable alternative is to determine the temperature of the chip, starting from measuring the temperature of the substrate as a known point and calculating the IGBT temperature using a thermal model. In many power electronic modules, an NTC thermal bonding wafer thermistor, also called NTC thermal bonding wafer chip, is usually integrated as a temperature sensor to simplify the design of accurate temperature measurement.

　　When the IGBT is applied to the motor of the electric vehicle, the electric vehicle drives the wheels through the motor. The in-vehicle motor system mainly includes two parts: the motor and the inverter, and the IGBT module is the core device of the inverter. By adjusting the output power form, thereby driving the motor to provide power for the operation of the car. In addition to electric vehicles, high-speed rail will also use IGBTs. The IGBT module is an important part of the high-speed rail traction converter. Through the switch of the IGBT module, the DC voltage is converted into a symmetrical AC voltage with variable amplitude and frequency, which drives the traction motor to run.

　　In addition to electric vehicles, high-speed rail and other means of transportation, as well as photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation and other new energy power generation fields, TVs, washing machines, air conditioners and other consumer electronic products are constantly improving the level of electrification and intelligence. In these application scenarios, there are IGBT modules.

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