The working principle of NTC negative temperature coefficient thermistor.Human Body Temperature Monitoring Sensor

　　NTC is the abbreviation of Negative Temperature Coefficient, which means negative temperature coefficient. It generally refers to semiconductor materials or components with a large negative temperature coefficient. The so-called NTC thermistor is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor. It is mainly made of metal oxides such as manganese, cobalt, nickel and copper, and is made by ceramic technology. These metal oxide materials all have semiconducting properties because they are completely similar to semiconductor materials such as germanium and silicon in electrical conductivity. When the temperature is low, the number of carriers (electrons and holes) of these oxide materials is small, so the resistance value is higher; as the temperature increases, the number of carriers increases, so the resistance value decreases. The variation range of NTC thermistor at room temperature is 100~1000000 ohms, and the temperature coefficient is -2%~-6.5%. NTC thermistor can be widely used in temperature measurement, temperature control, temperature compensation and so on. The composition of NTC negative temperature coefficient thermistor NTC (Negative Temperature Coeff1Cient) refers to the thermistor phenomenon and material whose resistance decreases exponentially with temperature rise and has a negative temperature coefficient. The material is a semiconductor ceramic made of two or more metal oxides, such as manganese, copper, silicon, cobalt, iron, nickel, zinc, etc., which are fully mixed, formed, and sintered. It can be made into a negative temperature coefficient. (NTC) thermistor. The resistivity and material constant vary with the proportion of material composition, sintering atmosphere, sintering temperature and structural state. Now there are also non-oxide NTC thermistor materials represented by silicon carbide, tin selenide, tantalum nitride, etc. NTC thermal semiconducting ceramics are mostly oxide ceramics with spinel structure or other structures, with negative temperature coefficient, and the resistance value can be approximated as: is the material constant. The resistivity of the ceramic grain itself changes due to temperature changes, which is determined by the characteristics of the semiconductor. The history of NTC thermistor The development of NTC thermistor has gone through a long period. In 1834, scientists first discovered that silver sulfide has a negative temperature coefficient. In 1930, scientists found that cuprous oxide-copper oxide also has the performance of negative temperature coefficient, and successfully used it in the temperature compensation circuit of aviation instruments. Subsequently, due to the continuous development of transistor technology, the research on thermistors has made significant progress. In 1960, the NTC thermistor was developed. NTC negative temperature coefficient thermistor temperature range Its measurement range is generally -10 ~ +300 ℃, but also -200 ~ +10 ℃, and can even be used for temperature measurement in +300 ~ +1200 ℃ environment. The accuracy of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor thermometer can reach 0.1℃, and the temperature sensing time can be as short as 10s or less. It is not only suitable for granary thermometers, but also for temperature measurement in food storage, medicine and hygiene, scientific farming, oceans, deep wells, high altitudes, glaciers, etc.

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